CATL Chairman Robin Zeng projects that mass-market adoption of solid-state batteries will not occur before 2030.

Large-scale commercialization requires a production volume capable of equipping one million vehicles. Zeng considers this milestone unattainable in the near term due to manufacturing complexities.

Initial rollouts will target the premium automotive segment for vehicles priced above 250,000 yuan ($36,920). CATL will continue utilizing conventional liquid-chemistry batteries to meet current industry demand.