Space-based laser communication, or free-space optical communication, is opening a new frontier in global data transmission. This technology offers significantly higher data rates than traditional radio frequency satellites. Narrow beamwidths enhance security and bypass congested radio spectrums. These systems provide a resilient and faster alternative to the current global internet backbone.
Laser communication constellations threaten the dominance of undersea fiber optic cables. Alcatel Submarine Networks, partially owned by Nokia, and SubCom currently lead the submarine cable market. Satellite operators Viasat and Amazon’s Project Kuiper are investing in advanced networks to challenge these physical infrastructure providers.